Present Tenses

English Grammar Basic (A1) · 60 lessons

I ______ a red pen.

  • have
  • has
  • is
  • am
Why:

Why A (have) is correct:
"I" is a first-person singular pronoun, which takes the verb "have" (not "has").

Why the others are wrong:
- B (has): Used with third-person singular (he, she, it), not "I"
- C (is): This is a form of "to be," not "to have"—you can't say "I is a red pen"
- D (am): Also "to be"—"I am" describes what something IS, not what it POSSESSES

______ they have a dog?

  • Do
  • Did
  • Are
  • Has
Why:

A. Do ✓
"Do" is correct because we need a present-tense auxiliary verb to form a yes/no question with "they" (a plural subject). The complete question is "Do they have a dog?"

Why the others are wrong:
- B. Did — This is past tense; use it only if asking about the past ("Did they have a dog?")
- C. Are — This doesn't work with "have"; "are" pairs with verb forms ending in -ing ("Are they having a dog?")
- D. Has — This is for singular subjects like "he/she/it," not plural "they" (which uses "have")

She ______ a notebook.

  • doesn't have
  • haven't got
  • isn't have
  • had
Why:

Correct answer: A. doesn't have

This is the correct present tense negative form. "She doesn't have" = she do not have a notebook right now.

Why the others are wrong:
- B. haven't got – Uses "haven't" (plural form for "I/you/we/they"), but "she" is singular and needs "hasn't"
- C. isn't have – Grammatically incorrect; you can't use "isn't" (am/is/are) with "have." These verbs don't work together
- D. had – This is past tense ("she had"), but there's no time word suggesting the past, so present tense is needed here

______ you have any siblings?

  • Do
  • Did
  • Has
  • Are
Why:

Correct: A. Do
- "Do" is the correct present-tense auxiliary verb to form a yes/no question with "you" (a second-person pronoun)
- The question asks about a current state, so present tense is needed

Why others are wrong:
- B. Did — past tense; doesn't match the present-time context
- C. Has — used with third-person singular (he/she/it), not "you"
- D. Are — would only work with a different sentence structure, like "Are you having any siblings?" (which is awkward/unnatural)

He ______ a bicycle every day.

  • rides
  • rode
  • is riding
  • have
Why:

A. rides ✓
This is a simple present tense verb describing a habitual action ("every day"). Simple present is the correct tense for routines and repeated actions.

B. rode ✗
Past tense doesn't fit—"every day" indicates a current, ongoing habit, not something that happened once in the past.

C. is riding ✗
Present continuous describes an action happening *right now*, not a daily routine. You'd say this if he's riding the bicycle at this moment.

D. have ✗
"Have" doesn't match the subject "He" (would need "has"), and it's the wrong verb meaning entirely—it doesn't mean "to ride."

______ breakfast at 8 every day.

  • I have
  • I am having
  • I had
  • I has
Why:

A. I have ✓
This is a simple present tense statement about a regular daily habit, which requires the base form "have." The present tense is correct because you're describing something you do every day.

B. I am having ✗
This is present continuous (happening right now), but the sentence describes a repeated routine, not an action in progress at this moment.

C. I had ✗
This is past tense, but the sentence uses "every day" (present time), not a past time reference.

D. I has ✗
This is grammatically wrong—"has" is only used with third-person singular subjects (he/she/it), not with "I."

She ______ dinner with her family.

  • has
  • have
  • had
  • having
Why:

A. has ✓ Correct

  • The sentence needs a present-tense verb to match "She" (singular subject)
  • "Has" is the correct present-tense form for third person singular (she/he/it)

Why the others are wrong:

  • B. have – Used for plural subjects (they, we) or "I," not for "she"
  • C. had – Past tense; doesn't fit unless the sentence specifies a past time
  • D. having – A gerund/participle, not a complete main verb for this sentence

I ___ a teacher.

  • am
  • is
  • are
  • be
Why:

Why A is correct:
"Am" is the correct present tense form of "be" that goes with "I." The verb must match the subject.

Why the others are wrong:
- B (is) – Used with he/she/it, not "I"
- C (are) – Used with you/we/they, not "I"
- D (be) – This is the base form; it needs to be conjugated (changed) to match "I"

You ___ my friend.

  • are
  • am
  • is
  • be
Why:

Why A is correct:
"You" always pairs with the verb "are" (present tense of "to be"). This is a fixed rule in English.

Why the others are wrong:
- B (am): Used only with "I" ("I am"), not "you"
- C (is): Used with third person singular like "he/she/it is", not "you"
- D (be): This is the base form of the verb, not conjugated for any specific subject

He ___ a doctor.

  • is
  • am
  • are
  • be
Why:

• A. is ✓ Correct. "He" is a singular third-person pronoun, and "is" is the correct present tense form of "to be" for he/she/it.

• B. am ✗ "Am" only goes with "I" (first person singular), not "he."

• C. are ✗ "Are" goes with "you," "we," or "they" (plural or second person), not "he."

• D. be ✗ "Be" is the base form of the verb and isn't used in simple present tense with a subject pronoun like "he."

She ___ a student.

  • is
  • am
  • are
  • be
Why:

Why A is correct:
"She" is a singular third-person pronoun, so it needs the singular form of "to be," which is "is."

Why the others are wrong:
- B (am): Used only with "I" as the subject
- C (are): Used with "you," "we," and "they"—plural or second person
- D (be): The base form of the verb, not conjugated for any specific subject

It ___ a cat.

  • is
  • am
  • are
  • be
Why:

Why A is correct:
"It" is a singular third-person pronoun, so it needs the singular form of "to be," which is "is."

Why the others are wrong:
- B (am): Used only with "I" as the subject
- C (are): Used with plural subjects (they, we, you) or the singular "you"
- D (be): This is the base form of the verb; it can't stand alone as the main verb in a statement like this

We ___ students.

  • are
  • am
  • is
  • be
Why:

Why A is correct:
"We" is a plural pronoun, so it needs the plural form of "to be," which is "are."

Why the others are wrong:
- B (am): Used only with "I" (singular)
- C (is): Used with singular pronouns like "he," "she," "it"
- D (be): The base form of the verb; can't be used as the main verb in a simple present sentence

You ___ teachers.

  • are
  • am
  • is
  • be
Why:

A. are is correct because "you" is always paired with the plural verb form "are," regardless of whether you're talking to one person or many people.

B. am — This pairs only with "I," not "you."

C. is — This pairs with singular third-person pronouns like "he," "she," or "it," not "you."

D. be — This is the base form of the verb and isn't conjugated for any specific subject; it needs a helping verb like "will" or "can" before it.

They ___ doctors.

  • are
  • am
  • is
  • be
Why:

Correct Answer: A. are

"They" is a plural pronoun, so it needs the plural form of "to be," which is are. The sentence "They are doctors" is grammatically correct.

Why the others are wrong:
- am – only used with "I" (singular)
- is – used with singular pronouns like "he," "she," "it"
- be – the base form of the verb; we don't use it directly with pronouns in present tense

______ a dog in the park.

  • There is
  • There are
  • There have
  • There be
Why:

Correct answer: There is
- "There is" is used with singular nouns (one dog), which matches the sentence perfectly.

Why the others are wrong:
- There are – used for plural nouns (multiple dogs), but we only have one dog here
- There have – grammatically incorrect; "have" doesn't work with "there" in this structure
- There be – not a proper verb form in English; we need the conjugated form "is"

________ two apples on the table.

  • There are
  • There is
  • There have
  • There be
Why:

Correct answer: There are
- "Are" is plural, matching "two apples" (more than one).
- The subject here is "apples," so the verb must agree with it.

Why the others are wrong:
- There is – "is" is singular, but we have two apples (plural).
- There have – "have" doesn't fit the structure; we don't use "there have" in this way.
- There be – This is not a complete verb form in standard English.

_______ a cat in the garden.

  • There is
  • There are
  • There have
  • There be
Why:

Why A is correct:
"There is" is the right form because "a cat" is singular (one cat). With singular nouns, we use "is."

Why the others are wrong:
- B (There are): "Are" is for plural nouns (multiple cats), not singular.
- C (There have): "Have" doesn't work in this "there" construction; we use "is/are" instead.
- D (There be): "Be" is the bare infinitive form and isn't conjugated for present tense—we need "is" instead.

________ five chairs in the living room.

  • There are
  • There is
  • There have
  • There be
Why:

Correct answer: There are

  • Use "there are" with plural nouns (five chairs = more than one). "Are" is the plural form of the verb "to be."

Why the others are wrong:

  • B. There is — "is" is singular, but "chairs" is plural. You'd only use this for "There is one chair."
  • C. There have — "have" doesn't work with "there." You can't say "there have" in standard English.
  • D. There be — "be" is the base verb form; it needs to be conjugated (changed) to match the subject. Here it needs to be "are."

______ a book on the shelf.

  • There is
  • There are
  • There have
  • There be
Why:

Correct answer: There is

"There is" is correct because "a book" is singular, so it needs the singular verb "is." This is the standard structure for describing what exists in a location.

Why the others are wrong:
- There are – Used only for plural nouns (e.g., "There are books"), but we have one book
- There have – "Have" doesn't work with "there" in this existential structure
- There be – Not a complete verb form; "be" needs to be conjugated (is, are, was, were)

I ______ up at 7 every morning.

  • wake
  • eat
  • sleep
  • study
Why:

A. wake ✓
"Wake up" is a phrasal verb meaning to stop sleeping. It fits perfectly with "at 7 every morning"—this describes when you stop sleeping each day.

B. eat ✗
You don't typically "eat up" at a specific time in the morning as a daily routine. This phrase doesn't make natural sense.

C. sleep ✗
"Sleep up" isn't a real phrasal verb. Plus, you sleep *before* 7 a.m., not *at* 7 a.m.

D. study ✗
"Study up" means to prepare or review material, not something you do at a set time every morning as a regular habit.

She _______ to the gym three times a week.

  • goes
  • cooks
  • reads
  • watches
Why:

A. goes ✓
This is correct because "goes to the gym" is a logical activity that happens regularly ("three times a week"). The sentence structure needs a verb that makes sense with the frequency mentioned.

B. cooks ✗
Cooks doesn't fit—you cook *food*, not "to the gym." The location "to the gym" requires a movement verb.

C. reads ✗
Reading doesn't connect to going to a gym. You might read *at* a gym, but "reads to the gym" doesn't make sense.

D. watches ✗
While you might watch things at a gym, "watches to the gym" is grammatically awkward and doesn't describe gym attendance.

We ________ to school by bus.

  • go
  • dance
  • sing
  • swim
Why:

Why A is correct:
"Go" is the right verb because it means to travel or move from one place to another—exactly what you do when traveling to school by bus.

Why the others are wrong:
- B (dance): You don't dance to school; dancing is rhythmic movement to music, not transportation.
- C (sing): Singing is producing music with your voice, not a way to travel somewhere.
- D (swim): Swimming is moving through water, not how you get to school by bus.

They _______ basketball every Saturday.

  • play
  • paint
  • write
  • draw
Why:

A. play ✓

Why it's correct: "Play" is the verb that goes with basketball. You play sports, games, and recreational activities.

Why the others are wrong:
- B. paint – You paint walls or pictures, not basketball
- C. write – You write words or stories, not basketball
- D. draw – You draw pictures or sketches, not basketball

He ______ coffee in the afternoon.

  • drinks
  • eats
  • plays
  • listens
Why:

A. drinks ✓
Coffee is a beverage, so you "drink" it. This is the only logical verb for consuming a liquid.

B. eats ✗
You eat solid food, not liquids. Coffee is a drink, not food.

C. plays ✗
"Play" doesn't make sense with coffee—you don't play with a beverage in this context.

D. listens ✗
"Listen" is for sounds/music, not for consuming drinks. Coffee isn't something you listen to.

She usually ______ to school by bus.

  • goes
  • go
  • went
  • is going
Why:

A. goes ✓

  • "Usually" signals a habitual action (something that happens regularly), which requires the simple present tense.
  • The subject "she" is third person singular, so the verb needs the -s ending: "goes" (not "go").

Why the others are wrong:

  • B. go – Wrong form for third person singular; would only work with "I/you/we/they"
  • C. went – Past tense; contradicts "usually" which describes present habits
  • D. is going – Present continuous; describes an action happening *right now*, not a regular habit

They ______ lunch at noon every day.

  • have
  • has
  • had
  • is having
Why:

A. have ✓

  • The subject "they" is plural, so it needs the plural verb form "have" (not "has," which is only for singular subjects like "he/she/it").
  • The phrase "every day" signals a regular habit in present tense, so we use simple present "have," not past tense "had" or continuous "is having."

Why the others are wrong:
- B. has — only used with singular subjects (he, she, it)
- C. had — past tense; the sentence describes a current daily habit, not something that already finished
- D. is having — present continuous; this sounds like they're eating lunch *right now*, not describing their daily routine

My brother ______ video games on weekends.

  • plays
  • play
  • played
  • is playing
Why:

A. plays ✓

  • This is a simple present tense statement about a regular habit ("on weekends"), so you need the base verb form with the third-person singular ending "-s."
  • B. play – Missing the "-s" ending; you need it because "brother" is singular (he/she/it takes "-s").
  • C. played – This is past tense, but the sentence describes a current habit, not something that already finished.
  • D. is playing – This is present continuous (right now), but "on weekends" suggests a repeated routine, not an action happening at this moment.

The dog ______ loudly when it sees strangers.

  • barks
  • bark
  • barked
  • is barking
Why:

Why A is correct:
"Barks" is the correct present tense form for a third-person singular subject (the dog). It matches the simple present tense needed to describe what the dog does habitually when it sees strangers.

Why the others are wrong:
- B (bark): This is the base form, used only with "I," "you," "we," or "they"—not with "the dog" (singular)
- C (barked): This is past tense, but the sentence describes a habitual action in the present
- D (is barking): This is present continuous, which shows an action happening right now—not a general habit

I always ______ my homework after dinner.

  • do
  • does
  • did
  • am doing
Why:

Why A is correct:
"I always ______ my homework" needs a present tense verb that matches the subject "I." The simple present tense "do" is correct here because "always" signals a regular habit.

Why the others are wrong:
- B (does): Used with third-person singular subjects like "he/she/it," not "I"
- C (did): Past tense; this describes something that already happened, but "always" suggests an ongoing habit
- D (am doing): Present continuous; this describes an action happening right now, not a regular routine

She _______ now.

  • is swimming
  • swim
  • swimming
  • is swam
Why:

A. is swimming ✓

This describes an action happening right now, which requires the present continuous tense: is/are + verb-ing.

Why the others are wrong:
- B (swim) — Simple present tense; used for habits or facts, not current actions
- C (swimming) — Missing the helping verb "is"; incomplete on its own
- D (is swam) — "Swam" is past tense; mixing it with "is" creates incorrect grammar

I _________ here for two hours.

  • have been
  • had been
  • has been
  • was
Why:

A. have been ✓

This describes an action that started in the past and continues to now—you arrived two hours ago and are still here. "Have been" is the present perfect continuous tense, which shows an ongoing situation.

Why the others are wrong:

  • B. had been – Past perfect; used when one past action happened before another past action. Doesn't fit here since we're talking about now.
  • C. has been – Third person singular (he/she/it); the subject "I" requires "have," not "has."
  • D. was – Simple past; implies you're no longer here, which contradicts "for two hours" (ongoing).

They _________ friends since they were children.

  • have been
  • had been
  • has been
  • were
Why:

A. have been ✓

This sentence needs the present perfect tense because the friendship started in the past but continues to the present ("since they were children" until now). "Have been" is correct for the plural subject "they."

Why the others are wrong:

  • B. had been – Past perfect; used only when one past event happened before another past event, not for something still ongoing
  • C. has been – Wrong pronoun agreement; "has" is only for singular subjects (he/she/it), but "they" is plural
  • D. were – Simple past; suggests the friendship ended, doesn't show it's still happening now

She _________ working on this project since last month.

  • has been
  • had been
  • have been
  • is
Why:

A. has been ✓

This uses the present perfect continuous tense, which shows an action that started in the past ("last month") and continues to the present. "Since" signals this ongoing connection between past and present.

Why others are wrong:

  • B. had been — Past perfect continuous; used when one past action happened before another past action. Here, there's no earlier past event mentioned.
  • C. have been — Wrong subject-verb agreement. "She" is singular and needs "has," not "have" (which goes with plural subjects like "they").
  • D. is — Present simple; doesn't show the duration or the connection to "last month." It would only describe what's happening right now.

He _________ abroad for ten years.

  • has lived
  • had lived
  • have lived
  • is living
Why:

Why A is correct:
"Has lived" is present perfect tense, which describes an action that started in the past and continues to the present—perfect for "for ten years" (a duration up to now).

Why the others are wrong:
- B (had lived): Past perfect means the action finished before another past event—but there's no other past event mentioned here.
- C (have lived): Grammatically incorrect with the singular subject "he" (should be "has," not "have").
- D (is living): Present continuous suggests an action happening *right now*, not a completed period of time.

I ____________ waiting here since 5 o'clock.

  • have been
  • had been
  • has been
  • was
Why:

A. have been ✓

This sentence needs the present perfect continuous tense because you're describing an action that started in the past (5 o'clock) and is still happening now. "Have been waiting" shows this ongoing action from past to present.

Why the others are wrong:

  • B. had been — Past perfect; used when one past action happened before another past action, but nothing here suggests that
  • C. has been — Wrong subject form; "has" is only for third person (he/she/it), not "I"
  • D. was — Simple past; suggests the waiting already finished, but you're still waiting now

We _________ each other since high school.

  • have known
  • had known
  • has known
  • knew
Why:

A. have known ✓
This uses present perfect tense, which describes an action that started in the past and continues to the present—perfect for "since high school" until now.

B. had known ✗
Past perfect describes something that happened before another past event. There's no earlier past event here, so this doesn't fit.

C. has known ✗
"Has" is third-person singular (he/she/it), but "we" is plural, so the verb must be "have."

D. knew ✗
Simple past tense describes a completed action with no connection to now. This breaks the "since high school" timeframe—it sounds like you don't know them anymore.

She _________ in this company for 5 years.

  • has worked
  • had worked
  • have worked
  • worked
Why:

Why A is correct:
"Has worked" is present perfect tense, which describes an action that started in the past (5 years ago) and continues to the present. The phrase "for 5 years" signals this ongoing duration.

Why others are wrong:
- B (had worked): Past perfect means the action finished before another past event—but no earlier past event is mentioned here.
- C (have worked): Grammatically incorrect with the singular subject "she" (would need "they have worked").
- D (worked): Simple past tense suggests the action is completely finished and no longer relevant, which contradicts the ongoing timeframe implied.

He _________ for that job since last month.

  • has been applying
  • had been applying
  • have been applying
  • is applying
Why:

Correct answer: A. has been applying

This sentence needs the present perfect continuous tense because the action started in the past (last month) and continues to the present. "Has been applying" shows an ongoing action over time. The subject "he" requires "has" (not "have").

Why the others are wrong:
- B. had been applying – Past perfect continuous describes an action that ended before another past event; there's no second past event here.
- C. have been applying – "Have" is used with plural subjects (we, they, you); "he" requires "has."
- D. is applying – Simple present tense suggests a one-time action now, not a continuous action over weeks.

They _________ married for 20 years.

  • have been
  • had been
  • has been
  • were
Why:

A. have been ✓

This describes a situation that started 20 years ago and continues to the present—they got married 20 years ago and are *still* married now. "Have been" (present perfect) connects past to present.

Why the others are wrong:

  • B. had been — Past perfect; suggests they were married but aren't anymore ("They had been married for 20 years *before* they divorced")
  • C. has been — Wrong subject-verb agreement; "they" is plural, so we need "have," not "has"
  • D. were — Simple past; suggests the marriage ended or isn't relevant now, missing the connection to the present

She _________ Spanish for 3 years.

  • has been studying
  • had been studying
  • have been studying
  • is studying
Why:

Correct answer: A. has been studying

This uses the present perfect continuous tense, which describes an action that started in the past (3 years ago) and continues to the present. The time phrase "for 3 years" is the key clue—it signals duration up to now.

Why the others are wrong:
- B. had been studying – Past perfect continuous describes something that ended before another past event; there's no other past event mentioned here.
- C. have been studying – Wrong subject-verb agreement; "she" requires "has," not "have."
- D. is studying – Present continuous doesn't show the full 3-year duration; it only describes what's happening right now.

____ you ever been to France?

  • Have
  • Did
  • Does
  • Had
Why:

Why A is correct:
This question uses the present perfect tense ("Have you ever been...?"), which talks about past experiences without specifying *when*. The word "ever" is a clue that you need present perfect.

Why the others are wrong:
- B (Did) – Simple past tense; you'd use this if the sentence said "Did you go to France last year?" (specific time)
- C (Does) – Simple present tense; doesn't work for past experiences ("Does you ever been" is grammatically incorrect)
- D (Had) – Past perfect tense; used only when one past event happened before another past event, not for general life experiences

She ____ been to the cinema before.

  • has
  • have
  • had
  • has been
Why:

Correct answer: A (has)

  • "She" is a singular subject, so it needs the singular auxiliary verb "has" (not "have," which is for plural subjects like "they").
  • The sentence needs a present perfect tense to show a past experience with present relevance—"has" + past participle creates this.
  • "had" is past perfect, which isn't needed here since there's no earlier past event to reference.
  • "has been" is too complete; the question only asks for the auxiliary verb to fill the blank, not the past participle.

I ____ met him before.

  • have
  • has
  • had
  • have been
Why:

Why A is correct:
"Have" is the right auxiliary verb here. The sentence needs present perfect tense ("have met") to show a past action with relevance to now.

Why the others are wrong:
- B (has): Used with third-person singular subjects (he, she, it), not "I"
- C (had): Past perfect tense—only used when you need to show one past event happened before another past event
- D (have been): Creates present perfect continuous ("have been met"), which is grammatically incorrect; "meet" isn't typically used in continuous form

____ she ever played football?

  • Has
  • Did
  • Does
  • Had
Why:

Has is correct because:
- This asks about her experience at any point in her life up to now. "Has" (present perfect) is used for actions that started in the past and connect to the present.

Why the others are wrong:
- Did (past simple) — implies a finished time period in the past; doesn't ask if she has that experience now
- Does (present simple) — asks about her current habit, not lifetime experience
- Had (past perfect) — refers to something completed before another past event; doesn't fit this question

We ____ never seen such a beautiful sunset.

  • have
  • has
  • had
  • have been
Why:

A. have ✓

  • "We" is a plural subject, so it needs the plural verb form "have" (not "has," which is singular).
  • This is present perfect tense: "have/has + past participle (seen)." You use present perfect to talk about a past event that connects to now.
  • B is wrong because "has" only works with singular subjects like "he/she/it."
  • C is wrong because "had" is past perfect, used for events further back in time, not the most recent past.
  • D is wrong because "have been" changes the meaning to "have been [verb]-ing," which would need a continuous action (like "have been watching").

____ you ever tried sushi?

  • Have
  • Did
  • Does
  • Had
Why:

Have is correct because this question uses present perfect tense ("ever tried" = past experience up to now). Present perfect needs the helping verb "have" (or "has" for third person).

  • Did forms simple past, which doesn't fit "ever"—that word signals we're asking about lifetime experience, not a specific moment
  • Does is present tense and doesn't work with the past participle "tried"
  • Had is past perfect, used only when one past event happened before another past event (not the case here)

He ____ lived in New York.

  • never
  • must
  • is
  • has been
Why:

Why "never" is correct:
"Never" is an adverb that fits the blank grammatically and makes logical sense: "He never lived in New York" means he has not lived there at all.

Why the others are wrong:
- B (must): Modal verb that doesn't fit; "He must lived" is grammatically incorrect
- C (is): Verb form that doesn't work; "He is lived" is not proper English
- D (has been): Would need "in" after it; "He has been lived in New York" is awkward and ungrammatical (use "has lived" instead)

____ she ever been to Australia?

  • Has
  • Did
  • Does
  • Had
Why:

Correct answer: Has
This sentence asks about an experience at any point in someone's life up to now. "Has" is the present perfect auxiliary verb, which is used for actions that happened at an unspecified time in the past and connect to the present.

Why the others are wrong:
- Did – Past tense; used for completed actions at a specific time, but this question asks about lifetime experience ("ever")
- Does – Present tense; doesn't work because we're asking about a past experience, not current action
- Had – Past perfect; used when one past action happened before another past action, which doesn't fit here

I _____ my homework yet.

  • haven't done
  • have done
  • already done
  • did
Why:

A. haven't done ✓
The word "yet" signals an action that hasn't happened, so you need the negative present perfect form. "Haven't done" correctly means the homework is still incomplete.

Why the others are wrong:
- B. have done — This is positive, but "yet" requires a negative statement
- C. already done — Grammatically incomplete; missing the helping verb "have"
- D. did — This is simple past, which doesn't work with "yet" (which refers to up to now, not a finished past moment)

She _____ the movie already.

  • has seen
  • have seen
  • has watching
  • saw
Why:

A. has seen ✓

Uses the present perfect tense (has + past participle), which is correct for something that happened in the past but is still relevant now. The word "already" signals this completed action.

B. have seen ✗
"Have" is used with plural subjects (they, we, you), but "she" is singular and needs "has."

C. has watching ✗
Incorrect verb form. After "has," you need the past participle "seen," not the gerund "watching."

D. saw ✗
Simple past tense. While grammatically possible, it doesn't fit the meaning signaled by "already"—present perfect shows the action completed and still relevant to now.

_____ you finished your lunch yet?

  • Have
  • Already
  • Yet
  • Haven't
Why:

Why A is correct:
"Have you finished your lunch yet?" uses the present perfect tense to ask about a completed action. "Have" is the auxiliary verb needed here.

Why the others are wrong:
- B (Already): An adverb that shows something happened sooner than expected; it doesn't work as the main verb in a question
- C (Yet): An adverb meaning "up to now"; appears at the end of negative/question sentences but can't be the main verb
- D (Haven't): This is negative ("have not"), but the question isn't asking negatively—it's asking neutrally if the action is complete

We _____ to that restaurant.

  • haven't been
  • had been
  • already been
  • were
Why:

Why A is correct:
"Haven't been" is the present perfect tense, which describes an experience or action from the past that connects to the present. It fits the blank naturally: "We haven't been to that restaurant" (meaning we've never gone there, up until now).

Why the others are wrong:
- B (had been): Past perfect tense—needs a second past action to compare to. "We had been to that restaurant before we moved" works, but not alone.
- C (already been): Grammatically incomplete. You need "have" before "already been": "We have already been..."
- D (were): Simple past tense. "We were to that restaurant" doesn't make grammatical sense; you'd need "We were *at* that restaurant."

She has _____ finished playing.

  • already
  • yet
  • might
  • so
Why:

Why A is correct:
"Already" means something has happened before now. It fits perfectly in present perfect sentences: "She has already finished playing" = she completed it before the present moment.

Why the others are wrong:
- B (yet): "Yet" is used in negatives or questions ("Has she finished yet?"), not in positive statements.
- C (might): "Might" is a modal verb showing possibility, but it changes the meaning completely—it would suggest uncertainty, not a completed action.
- D (so): "So" is a conjunction or intensifier, not an adverb that fits this grammar pattern.

______ your book!

  • Close
  • Sit
  • Write
  • Ignore
Why:

Correct Answer: Close
"Close your book" is a complete, natural command that makes sense in everyday situations (like when a lesson ends). You're using "close" as a verb meaning to shut something.

Why the others don't work:
- Sit – "Sit your book" isn't grammatical; you sit *on* something, not a book
- Write – "Write your book" changes the meaning entirely (you'd be creating a book, not finishing with one)
- Ignore – While grammatical, it doesn't fit the context of a typical instruction about what to do with a book you're holding

______ the door, please.

  • Open
  • Opening
  • Opened
  • Did open
Why:

A. Open ✓

This is an imperative sentence (a command). When giving orders or instructions, we use the base form of the verb without any extra words.

  • B. Opening – This is a gerund/participle form, not used for commands.
  • C. Opened – This is past tense; the action hasn't happened yet.
  • D. Did open – This awkward construction isn't how we give commands in English.

______ the window, it's hot in here.

  • Open
  • Opened
  • Clean
  • Paint
Why:

A. Open ✓
This is an imperative verb (a command). We use the base form of the verb to tell someone to do something. "Open the window" is a direct instruction.

B. Opened ✗
This is past tense, which doesn't fit. We're not describing something that already happened—we're requesting an action now.

C. Clean ✗
While it's a verb in the correct form, it doesn't make sense here. Cleaning the window won't solve the heat problem.

D. Paint ✗
Same issue as C—it's the right verb form but the wrong action. Painting the window is irrelevant to the situation.

______ your homework before class.

  • Finish
  • Starting
  • Finished
  • Forget
Why:

A. Finish ✓

This is an imperative sentence (a command). Imperative sentences use the base form of the verb without "to," so Finish is correct.

Why the others are wrong:
- B. Starting – This is a gerund (noun form), which doesn't work for commands
- C. Finished – This is past tense; the command asks you to do it *before* class, not after it's done
- D. Forget – This would mean the opposite of the intended meaning; we want you to *do* your homework, not forget it

______ to me when I'm talking to you.

  • Listen
  • Listened
  • Listening
  • Listens
Why:

A. Listen is correct because this is a command or imperative sentence. When you give an instruction or order, you use the base verb form without any endings.

B. Listened is wrong—past tense doesn't fit here; you're instructing someone to do something now, not talking about the past.

C. Listening is wrong—this is a gerund/participle form that doesn't work as a complete verb in a command.

D. Listens is wrong—this is third-person singular (he/she/it form), but you're giving a direct order to "you," not describing what someone else does.

_____ you had lunch?

  • Have
  • Had
  • Got
  • Did
Why:

# Explanation

A. Have ✓ – Correct. This forms the present perfect tense ("Have you had lunch?"), which asks about an experience at any time up to now. This is the standard way to ask if someone has eaten lunch.

B. Had – Wrong. This would be past perfect ("Had you had lunch?"), used only when comparing two past events. It's unnatural for a simple question about whether someone ate.

C. Got – Wrong. While "Got" can mean "have" in informal speech, "Got you had lunch?" doesn't make grammatical sense.

D. Did – Wrong. This would make "Did you had lunch?" which is grammatically incorrect—you'd need "Did you have lunch?" (simple past), and that changes the meaning slightly. "Have" is more natural here.

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