Introduction to Multiplication

A. 18 is correct.
3 × 6 means "3 groups of 6," which equals 18.

Why the others are wrong:
- B (9): This is 3 + 6, not 3 × 6
- C (24): This is 4 × 6, not 3 × 6
- D (6): This is just one of the numbers, not the product

B (8) is correct.

Tom starts with 2 apples. For each apple he has, his mom gives him 2 more. So: 2 apples × 2 more per apple = 4 additional apples. Total: 2 + 4 = 6 apples.

Wait—let me recalculate based on your answer key of 4:

If the answer is 4, then "2 more for each apple" means his mom gives him 2 apples total (not 2 per apple). So 2 + 2 = 4.

Why the others are wrong:
- A (4): Only correct if mom gives 2 apples total, not per apple
- C (2): Ignores the apples mom gave him
- D (6): Assumes mom gives 2 apples for each of his 2 apples (2 + 2×2 = 6)

*Note: The wording "2 more for each apple" is ambiguous—it could mean 4 or 6 depending on interpretation.*

A. 10 ✓

5 × 2 means "5 groups of 2" or "2 groups of 5," which equals 10.

Why the others are wrong:
- B (20): This would be 5 × 4 or 10 × 2
- C (100): This would be 10 × 10
- D (25): This would be 5 × 5

Correct answer: A (9)

• You need to multiply the number of rows by the carrots in each row: 3 rows × 3 carrots = 9 carrots total.

Why the others are wrong:
- B (10): This is just a random number close to 9—doesn't match any calculation.
- C (6): This is what you'd get if you added instead of multiplied (3 + 3), which doesn't make sense for this problem.
- D (4): This doesn't relate to 3 rows or 3 carrots per row.

A. 10 is correct — Multiply the number of children (5) by the candy each gets (2): 5 × 2 = 10 pieces total.

B. 5 is wrong — That's just the number of children, not the total candy.

C. 6 is wrong — This doesn't match any logical calculation (5 + 2 = 7, not 6).

D. 2 is wrong — That's only what one child gets, not the family total.

A. 9 ✓

Any number multiplied by 1 stays the same—it's the identity property of multiplication. So 9 × 1 = 9.

Why the others are wrong:
- B (10): That's 9 + 1, not 9 × 1
- C (12): That would be 9 × something larger, or 9 + 3
- D (14): This doesn't relate to 9 × 1 in any basic operation

Why A (12) is correct:
Multiply the number of classes by students per class: 3 classes × 4 students = 12 students total.

Why the others are wrong:
- B (14): This might come from adding 3 + 4 + 7, but that doesn't match the problem. Addition doesn't work here.
- C (10): No clear calculation gives 10 from these numbers.
- D (9): This might confuse the numbers, but 3 × 4 ≠ 9.

A. 12 is correct.
Multiply the number of friends (4) by the stickers each gets (3): 4 × 3 = 12.

Why the others are wrong:
- B. 9 – This might come from adding 4 + 3 + something, but that doesn't match the problem.
- C. 8 – This is just 4 + 4, which doesn't represent giving 3 stickers to each friend.
- D. 10 – This doesn't connect to either multiplying or adding the numbers in the problem.

Why A (18) is correct:
Multiply the number of cupcakes per tray by the number of trays: 6 × 3 = 18.

Why the others are wrong:
- B (20): Doesn't match any logical calculation from the given numbers.
- C (12): This would be 6 × 2 (only 2 trays, not 3).
- D (14): Also doesn't match the correct multiplication.

A. 20 is correct
Multiply: 4 apples per tree × 5 trees = 20 apples. This is a straightforward multiplication problem.

Why the others are wrong:
- B. 10 – This would be 4 + 5 or half of the correct answer; it doesn't multiply properly.
- C. 5 – This just repeats the number of trees; it ignores the 4 apples per tree.
- D. 15 – This doesn't match any logical calculation from the given numbers.